The Karangasem dynasty was one of the most powerful royal families of Bali between the seventeenth and twentieth centuries. There is a great deal of information about the various branches of the dynasty and their relationships, especially in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries…. Much of the evidence is confusing because the various kinship relationship involved are overlapping, and also because so many of the family members had similar names, or used more than one name or title. The data on the origins of the Karangasem dynasty (herein), came only from genealogical accounts, bahad, and from oral history, but for the later period information from foreign sources corresponded with the Balinese accounts, so that in fact the genealogical information helped to unravel confusions found in the foreign sources.
